Tinea Capitis Scalp Ringworm
Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) is a very common fungal infection among children throughout the world. Fungal organisms known as dermatophytes cause scalp ringworm by superficially infecting certain kinds of tissue found in hair, skin, and nails. This forms the crusty, scaly patches related with scalp ringworm.
In the United States, an estimated 3-8% of the population is affected by scalp ringworm. Some people can be carriers of the organism and spread it to others in the household. In other countries, an estimated 9.6% of people are affected, and nearly 40% can be carriers.
Children from four to fourteen years are the most likely to develop ringworm of the scalp, although it can occasionally appear in adults. Scalp ringworm is seen most frequently in urban areas among people with low incomes living in overcrowded conditions. This disease also tends to be more severe in children suffering from weakened immune systems, such as those with afflictions like diabetes, AIDS, or cancer.
Some of the symptoms of tinea capitis scalp ringworm to watch for are bald patched areas, where hair that has broken off from the scalp, itching of the scalp, pus-filled lesions or sores on the scalp, round, scaly lesions on the scalp that may be inflamed, and small black dots on the scalp.
A health care provider may suspect tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) by the appearance of the scalp but tests should be done to confirm the diagnosis. Tests may include skin lesion biopsy with microscopic examination or culture or a Wood’s lamp test to confirm a fungal scalp infection.
Anti-fungal medications, taken by mouth, are used to treat the infection. There are several different options that are often used to treat this condition. Suggestions for prevention include things like keeping the area clean. Using a medicated shampoo, with ingredients like ketoconazole or selenium sulfide, may reduce the spread of infection. It may be necessary for other family members and pets to be examined and treated.
Tinea capitis may be extremely persistent, and it may return after treatment. It has been found that in many cases it goes away on its own as a person reaches puberty. Good general hygiene is a key factor to prevent and treat tinea infections. Shampoo the scalp regularly, especially after visiting a salon or barber shop. Avoid contact with infected pets or people. Do not exchange headgear, combs or brushes, and like items. If necessary make sure they thoroughly cleaned and dried first.
